These studies only show a link between vitamin B12 deficiencies and weight gain, Matthew Cowling, D.O., a physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist in Madison, Wisconsin who specializes in weight loss, previously told The Edge
Singh highlighted two 2025 studies: one found GLP-1 use was associated with a lower incidence of progression to advanced AMD, including neovascular AMD and geographic atrophy, while another reported an increased risk of neovascular AMD among GLP-1 users
How Follow-Up Frequency for GLP-1 Therapy Is Changing in Practice Traditionally, diabetes follow-ups occurred every three months, especially when A1C levels were above target
The JAK inhibitor tofacitinib rescues intestinal barrier defects caused by disrupted epithelial-macrophage interactions
You do not need diabetes or prediabetes to lose weight on a GLP-1 drug
This accelerates lipohypertrophy (fatty tissue buildup at injection sites), which ironically impairs absorption of future injections, creating a self-defeating cycle