Your diabetes team may recommend: Checking blood glucose before bed and upon waking Adjusting doses of other diabetes medications if hypoglycaemia occurs do not adjust insulin or sulphonylurea doses without personalised guidance from your healthcare team Having a small, appropriate bedtime snack if advised by your healthcare team Sleep hygiene practices remain important, as recommended by the NHS and NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries: [13] Maintain a regular sleep schedule, even at weekends Create a cool, dark, quiet sleeping environment Establish a relaxing bedtime routine Limit screen time for at least one hour before bed Consider relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or progressive muscle relaxation If you have symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea (snoring, witnessed breathing pauses, excessive daytime sleepiness), discuss this with your GP as you may need referral for assessment

GIP receptors are found in adipose tissue and the central nervous system, where they influence energy metabolism
Conversely, a series of studies by our group suggest that patients with NAFLD have normal GLP-1 and GIP plasma levels, even though they exhibit a reduced incretin effect (32)
10.1016/j.jtcme.2024.03.013 70 XuW.LiY.FengR.HeP.ZhangY
Strongly alkaline conditions introduce a different problem, precipitation of copper hydroxide and, in phosphate buffers, of copper phosphate
One study author noted, "Understanding the potential side effects of these treatment modalities, though rare, may help individuals and their care teams weigh each treatment's risks and benefits to develop a personalized regimen" [4]