Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Reduces systemic and localized inflammation, allowing for better mobility and pain relief
Frendo et al., 1999
doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2018.05.006 Palmer CA, Alfano CA
He pointed back to the several groups, including his own, that have reproduced the findings in cell cultures and rodents
Notably, cell shrinkage and membrane blebbing are the most characteristic morphological signs of apoptotic cells [87,88,89]
There are, however, two studies that we can call on: Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Interactions with Adrenergic and Dopaminergic Systems in Mucosal Protection in Stress (link) This study wasnt designed to find the comparison between two administration methods, but it did look at how different systems of the body would affect these two methods