It uses very tiny needles to gently puncture the upper layer of skin and create microscopic channels within the dermal and epidermal layers of skin
Sources NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, Vitamin B12 Fact Sheet NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, Choline Fact Sheet MedlinePlus, Cyanocobalamin Injection Mayo Clinic, Vitamin B12 Injections and Weight Loss NCBI Bookshelf, Essential Amino Acids PubMed, Inositol Phosphate Signaling Network The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Lipotropic Agents and Lipid Transport
Investigators have examined the molecule in animal-model and in-vitro work covering tissue repair, gastric mucosal protection, angiogenic signalling, and anti-inflammatory cascades
Morgan G, Ward R, Barton M
Trends in Molecular Medicine