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L-carnitine is the predominant carnitine used in biological and medical fields and is commonly referred to as carnitine. The human body contains about 300 mg/kg of L-carnitine, 98% of which is intracellular, with 80% present in the muscles, 510% in the gastrointestinal tract, and 3% in the liver ( Endogenous Synthesis and Exogenous Sources In the average adult diet, it is estimated that about 75% of the daily carnitine requirement mainly comes from meat, fish, and dairy products (Figure 1) (Figure 1) ( Figure 1 The distribution and homeostasis of carnitine within the body is controlled by organic cationic transporters (OCTN) ( in vivo ( Biological Functions Transport of Long-Chain Fatty Acids Into the Mitochondrial Matrix The essential function of carnitine is to transport LCFAs from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix for subsequent degradation by -oxidation, known as carnitine shuttle ( The carnitine shuttle has three main steps

This work was supported by a pilot grant from the HIV and Aging Grant CFAR-UAB (R24 AG044325), and a philanthropic donation received from the McNair Medical Institute at The Robert and Janice McNair Foundation.

PMID 33084757 Jiang J, et al

This does not replace therapy, community, or the hard personal work of recovery

References 1 ArakawaM.MitaT.AzumaK.EbatoC.GotoH.NomiyamaT.et al (2010)

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