Normally, this pathway helps regulate immune responses and cell growth, but in IC, it is often activated abnormally, leading to excessive production of inflammatory cytokines like CCL8 and VEGFD
One study reported that DHA upregulated the PEBP1 expression by inhibiting its ubiquitination degradation, thus promoting the formation of PEBP1/15-LO (lipoxygenase) and cell membrane lipid peroxidation, finally inducing ferroptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (Su et al., 2021)
This heightened risk can stem from impaired taste and smell perception, which diminishes the appeal of food (e.g., hyposmia), as well as difficulties with preparing and consuming meals
10.1016/j.nbd.2006.10.007 43 HongS.-Y.GilH.-W.YangJ.-O.LeeE.-Y.KimH.-K.KimS.-H.et al (2005)
It can also lead to symptoms such as chronic fatigue, chronic infections, cognitive problems, and inflammation (Stengler 2016)
Yet, this heterogeneity may also offer a therapeutic advantage, enabling interventions to selectively modulate the most disease-relevant microglial populations in specific brain regions