KPV, also known as Lysine-proline-valine, is a naturally occurring tripeptide [that] has been shown to attenuate the inflammatory responses of colonic cells[and] exerts its anti-inflammatory function inside cells, where it inactivates inflammatory pathways (Xiao et al., 2017)
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The peptide has high affinity for copper(II) the binding constant is approximately 10^16 M^-1
7,8 Alterations in DNA damage-response pathways have been further associated with immune deficiency, infertility, premature aging and the development of atherosclerosis
The review synthesized findings from cell-culture experiments (human dermal fibroblasts, keratinocytes, irradiated fibroblasts), animal models (rats, mice, pigs, dogs), and human cosmetic-science studies of topical formulations
(PubMed) Samadi A, Ketabi Y, Firooz R, Firooz A