Upregulated: collagen synthesis genes (COL1A1, COL3A1), antioxidant genes (SOD1, SOD3), DNA repair genes (GADD45A) Downregulated: inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-), metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9), pro-fibrotic mediators Net effect: shift from tissue destruction and inflammation toward repair and remodeling This breadth of gene modulation is unusual for a single tripeptide and has generated significant research interest in fields ranging from dermatology to neuroscience
Alternatives to GHK-Cu Injections Injections aren't exactly the most accessible form of getting the benefits for skin rejuvenation or hair care, but thankfully there are other ways of using copper peptides
PMID: 22381456 | DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61452-9 [19] Fakih MG, Pendyala L, Brady W, et al
Yes, it's on the pricier side, and you only get ten servings per pack
OBryant SE, Zhang F, Johnson LA, Hall J, Edwards M, Grammas P, et al
This is where dietary sources and supplements can come into play