Blood vessels near the skin surface dilate, more blood flows through them, and heat dissipates more readily
Advantages No injection required Simple, convenient administration May provide some local benefit to the gastrointestinal tract before degradation Easier for people with needle aversion Disadvantages Substantially lower systemic bioavailability Inconsistent absorption from dose to dose Higher doses needed to achieve similar systemic effects (if achievable at all) Limited evidence for systemic benefits via oral route Potential GI effects from higher doses Emerging Solutions Some manufacturers are exploring encapsulation technologies, enteric coatings, and liposomal delivery systems designed to protect oral peptides from digestive degradation
The key point: contraindications are peptide-specific, not universal
Better Absorption : Consistent use over time supports long-term health benefits, including detoxification, immune support, and anti-aging effects
(Sub cutaneous injections would be most sensible for patients to use and are the route most who self inject choose, myself included.) We need our doctors to get behind this movement so that they and the Practice nurses can be freed up from giving injections to those who can inject themselves
B12 injections are water-soluble and any excess is typically excreted through urine, making overdoses rare