Then, we'll review your medical history, looking at things like your diet (especially if you're vegan or vegetarian), your age, any stomach or gut conditions, past surgeries, and even the medicines you take, like metformin or proton pump inhibitors, which can sometimes affect B12 levels
They support red blood cell production, DNA synthesis, and normal nerve function when deficiency is present
Hughes, James E
treatment often starts with an aggressive loading dose of 1000 mcg injections several times a week before tapering to monthly or bimonthly shots once levels stabilize
doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.11020052
Gummy vitamins provide a palatable option, though they often contain added sugars and may deliver less B12 per serving