Increased glycosaminoglycan synthesis : Reviewed in Pickart & Margolina 2018, supporting structural hydration capacity
Treating the underlying cause: Supplementing B12 alone without addressing the underlying gut or pancreatic condition is only a partial solution
/ month
This includes confirmed low serum vitamin B12 levels, pernicious anaemia, malabsorption states such as coeliac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, or post-gastric or bariatric surgery, unexplained anaemia, neuropathy or neurological symptoms consistent with vitamin B12 deficiency, a long-term vegan diet with symptoms or low levels, or failure of oral vitamin B12 supplementation
It also participates in energy metabolism, specifically in the conversion of food into usable cellular energy
Keeping vitamin B12 levels up is key to preventing anemia