can tirzepatide increase liver enzymes 🧠Let's break the drug down using this mnemonic cloud!⁠ ⁠ 💉 Tirzepatide is a GLP-1 and GIP agonist. ⁠ ⁠ 🤔But what exactly is glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)? ⁠ ⁠ The weight-loss-independent hepatoprotective benefits of

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These results suggest that the uptake of GLP-1RAs into the brain via tanycytes is important for their anti-obesity effects

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GLP-1 medications cause sulfur burps and bloating by slowing gastric emptying , which keeps food in the stomach longer and increases pressure and post-meal discomfort, especially after larger or higher-fat meals. Scientific explanation delayed gastric emptying and pyloric tone GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce gastric motility and increase pyloric sphincter tone , delaying the passage of solid food from the stomach into the small intestine

In contrast, long-acting agonists (such as albiglutide or dulaglutide, or extended-release exenetide) have a stronger effect to reduce fasting glucose levels mediated by their effect on insulin and glucagon release

(2) in vitro studies not utilizing CNS-relevant cell lines