The authors were also financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [82070432, 82070435, 82270469 and 82370426], and National Health Commission (2022YFC3601302), Beijing, China, and the Shanghai Commissions of Science and Technology [19DZ2340200] and Health (a special grant for leading academics 2022LJ022), Shanghai, China
Diagnosis typically involves blood tests including full blood count (showing macrocytosis), anti-intrinsic factor antibodies (which are specific for pernicious anaemia), and sometimes anti-parietal cell antibodies
[15] Hydroxocobalamin is first line therapy for people with cyanide poisoning
Vitamin B12 has a very low toxicity profile as it is water-soluble and excess amounts are excreted through urine
They involve injecting the vitamins into the thigh muscle or upper arm, where the body can quickly absorb them into the bloodstream, ensuring maximum absorption of essential nutrients
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