Furthermore, the extract upregulated the expression of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) in the lacrimal glands and inhibited the activation of MAPK and NF-B signaling pathways, leading to decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines [89]
The effect is likely modest compared to pharmaceutical GLP-1 agonists, but it exists
Decreased mtDNA copy number downregulates PGC-1 and TFAM expression and eventually inhibits mitochondrial biogenesis (89)
They are Semaglutide (Wegovy), which is a similar medication to Ozempic, which is mainly used in diabetic patients, as well as Tirzepatide (Zepbound) and Liraglutide (Saxenda)
PMCID: PMC6328175
What is ochronosis, and why does it only happen with hydroquinone? Exogenous ochronosis is a paradoxical darkening of the skin caused by hydroquinone metabolite accumulation in dermal collagen fibres, producing blue-black discolouration that worsens with continued use